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The SecOps Group CNSP Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Cryptography: This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and focuses on basic encryption and decryption methods used to protect data in transit and at rest. It includes an overview of algorithms, key management, and the role of cryptography in maintaining data confidentiality.

Topic 2

Linux and Windows Security Basics: This section of the exam measures skills of Security Analysts and compares foundational security practices across these two operating systems. It addresses file permissions, user account controls, and basic hardening techniques to reduce the attack surface.

Topic 3

Password Storage: This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Engineers and addresses safe handling of user credentials. It explains how hashing, salting, and secure storage methods can mitigate risks associated with password disclosure or theft.

Topic 4

Database Security Basics: This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Engineers and covers how databases can be targeted for unauthorized access. It explains the importance of strong authentication, encryption, and regular auditing to ensure that sensitive data remains protected.

Topic 5

Common vulnerabilities affecting Windows Services: This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Engineers and focuses on frequently encountered weaknesses in core Windows components. It underscores the need to patch, configure, and monitor services to prevent privilege escalation and unauthorized use.

Topic 6

This section of the exam measures skills of Network Engineers and explores the utility of widely used software for scanning, monitoring, and troubleshooting networks. It clarifies how these tools help in detecting intrusions and verifying security configurations.

Topic 7

Network Discovery Protocols: This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and examines how protocols like ARP, ICMP, and SNMP enable the detection and mapping of network devices. It underlines their importance in security assessments and network monitoring.

Topic 8

Network Architectures, Mapping, and Target Identification: This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Engineers and reviews different network designs, illustrating how to diagram and identify potential targets in a security context. It stresses the importance of accurate network mapping for efficient troubleshooting and defense.

Topic 9

Network Security Tools and Frameworks (such as Nmap, Wireshark, etc)

Topic 10

This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Engineers and explains how to verify the security and performance of various services running on a network. It focuses on identifying weaknesses in configurations and protocols that could lead to unauthorized access or data leaks.

Topic 11

TLS Security Basics: This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and outlines the process of securing network communication through encryption. It highlights how TLS ensures data integrity and confidentiality, emphasizing certificate management and secure configurations.

Topic 12

TCP
IP (Protocols and Networking Basics): This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and covers the fundamental principles of TCP
IP, explaining how data moves through different layers of the network. It emphasizes the roles of protocols in enabling communication between devices and sets the foundation for understanding more advanced topics.

Topic 13

Open-Source Intelligence Gathering (OSINT): This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and discusses methods for collecting publicly available information on targets. It stresses the legal and ethical aspects of OSINT and its role in developing a thorough understanding of potential threats.

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The SecOps Group Certified Network Security Practitioner Sample Questions (Q35-Q40):

NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following is not a DDoS attack?

A. NTP Amplification
B. SYN Flood
C. Brute Force
D. UDP Flood

Answer: C

Explanation:
DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks aim to overwhelm a target's resources with excessive traffic, disrupting availability, whereas other attack types target different goals.
Why D is correct: Brute force attacks focus on guessing credentials (e.g., passwords) to gain unauthorized access, not on denying service. CNSP classifies it as an authentication attack, not a DDoS method.
Why other options are incorrect:
A: SYN Flood exhausts TCP connection resources, a classic DDoS attack.
B: NTP Amplification leverages amplified responses to flood targets, a DDoS technique.
C: UDP Flood overwhelms a system with UDP packets, another DDoS method.

NEW QUESTION # 36
Which one of the following services is not a UDP-based protocol?

A. IKE
B. SNMP
C. SSH
D. NTP

Answer: C

Explanation:
Protocols are defined by their transport layer usage (TCP or UDP), impacting their security and performance characteristics.
Why D is correct: SSH (Secure Shell) uses TCP (port 22) for reliable, connection-oriented communication, unlike the UDP-based options. CNSP contrasts TCP and UDP protocol security.
Why other options are incorrect:
A: SNMP uses UDP (ports 161, 162) for lightweight network management.
B: NTP uses UDP (port 123) for time synchronization.
C: IKE (IPsec key exchange) uses UDP (ports 500, 4500).

NEW QUESTION # 37
Which is the correct command to change the MAC address for an Ethernet adapter in a Unix-based system?

A. ifconfig eth0 hdw ether AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF
B. ifconfig eth0 hwr ether AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF
C. ifconfig eth0 hw ether AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF
D. ifconfig eth0 hdwr ether AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF

Answer: C

Explanation:
In Unix-based systems (e.g., Linux), the ifconfig command is historically used to configure network interfaces, including changing the Media Access Control (MAC) address of an Ethernet adapter. The correct syntax to set a new MAC address for an interface like eth0 is ifconfig eth0 hw ether AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF, where hw specifies the hardware address type (ether for Ethernet), followed by the new MAC address in colon-separated hexadecimal format.
Why A is correct: The hw ether argument is the standard and correct syntax recognized by ifconfig to modify the MAC address. This command temporarily changes the MAC address until the system reboots or the interface is reset, assuming the user has sufficient privileges (e.g., root). CNSP documentation on network configuration and spoofing techniques validates this syntax for testing network security controls.
Why other options are incorrect:
B: hdw is not a valid argument; it's a typographical error and unrecognized by ifconfig.
C: hdwr is similarly invalid; no such shorthand exists in the command structure.
D: hwr is incorrect; the full keyword hw followed by ether is required for proper parsing.

NEW QUESTION # 38
What is the response from an open TCP port which is not behind a firewall?

A. A SYN packet
B. A FIN and an ACK packet
C. A RST and an ACK packet
D. A SYN and an ACK packet

Answer: D

Explanation:
TCP's three-way handshake, per RFC 793, establishes a connection:
Client → Server: SYN (Synchronize) packet (e.g., port 80).
Server → Client: SYN-ACK (Synchronize-Acknowledge) packet if the port is open and listening.
Client → Server: ACK (Acknowledge) completes the connection.
Scenario: An open TCP port (e.g., 80 for HTTP) with no firewall. When a client sends a SYN to an open port (e.g., via telnet 192.168.1.1 80), the server responds with a SYN-ACK packet, indicating willingness to connect. No firewall means no filtering alters this standard response.
Packet Details:
SYN-ACK: Sets SYN and ACK flags in the TCP header, with a sequence number and acknowledgment number.
Example: Client SYN (Seq=100), Server SYN-ACK (Seq=200, Ack=101).
Security Implications: Open ports responding with SYN-ACK are easily detected (e.g., Nmap "open" state), inviting exploits if unneeded (e.g., Telnet on 23). CNSP likely stresses port minimization and monitoring.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . A FIN and an ACK packet: FIN-ACK closes an established connection, not a response to a new SYN.
B . A SYN packet: SYN initiates a connection from the client, not a server response.
D . A RST and an ACK packet: RST-ACK rejects a connection (e.g., closed port), not an open one.
Real-World Context: SYN-ACK from SSH (22/TCP) confirms a server's presence during reconnaissance.

NEW QUESTION # 39
Where is the system registry file stored in a Microsoft Windows Operating System?

A. C:Windowssecurity
B. C:Windowsdebug
C. All of the above
D. C:WindowsSystem32Config

Answer: D

Explanation:
The Windows Registry is a hierarchical database storing configuration settings for the operating system, applications, and hardware. It's physically stored as hive files on disk, located in the directory C:WindowsSystem32Config. These files are loaded into memory at boot time and managed by the Windows kernel. Key hive files include:
SYSTEM: Contains hardware and system configuration (e.g., drivers, services).
SOFTWARE: Stores software settings.
SAM: Security Accounts Manager data (e.g., local user accounts, passwords).
SECURITY: Security policies and permissions.
DEFAULT: Default user profile settings.
USERDIFF and user-specific hives (e.g., NTUSER.DAT in C:Users<username>) for individual profiles, though these are linked to Config indirectly.
Technical Details:
Path: C:WindowsSystem32Config is the primary location for system-wide hives. Files lack extensions (e.g., "SYSTEM" not "SYSTEM.DAT") and are backed by transaction logs (e.g., SYSTEM.LOG) for recovery.
Access: Direct file access is restricted while Windows runs, as the kernel locks them. Tools like reg save or offline forensic utilities (e.g., RegRipper) can extract them.
Backup: Copies may exist in C:WindowsSystem32configRegBack (pre-Windows 10 1803) or repair folders (e.g., C:WindowsRepair).
Security Implications: The registry is a prime target for attackers (e.g., persistence via Run keys) and malware (e.g., WannaCry modified registry entries). CNSP likely emphasizes securing this directory (e.g., NTFS permissions) and auditing changes (e.g., via Event Viewer, Event ID 4657). Compromising these files offline (e.g., via physical access) can extract password hashes from SAM.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . C:Windowsdebug: Used for debug logs (e.g., memory.dmp) or tools like DebugView, not registry hives. It's unrelated to core configuration storage.
C . C:Windowssecurity: Contains security-related files (e.g., audit logs, policy templates), but not the registry hives themselves.
D . All of the above: Only B is correct; including A and C dilutes accuracy.
Real-World Context: Forensic analysts target C:WindowsSystem32Config during investigations (e.g., parsing SAM with Mimikatz offline).

NEW QUESTION # 40
......

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